The appropriate encoding for a specific purpose depends on a lot of factors. Different people/software/systems may expect different encodings, and run into problems when given …

Digital data is encoded by modulating one of the three characteristics of the carrier: amplitude, frequency, or phase or some combination of these. Figure 2-24. All advanced modems use a …

Do the “Positional vector” and “Positional encoding” functions really take the input words as parameters the way the image under “What Is the Final Output” section implies?

Studies show that positional encoding improves performance on tasks like translation, summarization, and language modeling. The sinusoidal method is especially beneficial in …

Example: 300 bps modems, f2-fc=100 Hz, B = 2(f2-f c) + (1+τ)D = 200+(1+τ)(300) = 500-800 Hz This assumes no noise.

5-bit codes are selected in such a way that each one has no more than one leading 0(zero) and no more than two trailing 0’s. What if special characters appear in a data stream? What’s the …

What determines how successful a receiver will be in interpreting an incoming signal? is the bit period (data rate = 1/T)